ANTHROPOMETRY AND GEOMETRIC ERGONOMICS AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS AT A HOSPITAL IN MEXICO, 2026.

Authors

Keywords:

Anthropometry, Ergonomics, musculoskeletal disorders

Abstract

Introduction

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are highly prevalent among healthcare personnel and are associated with mismatches between workers’ anthropometric characteristics and workplace geometry. In Mexico, there are no studies that comprehensively analyze this relationship in hospital settings.

The objective of this study was to determine the anthropometric compatibility with workplace geometry and the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms among healthcare personnel at a hospital in Mexico during 2026, and based on these findings, to propose preventive measures.

Methods or Procedure

An observational, descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional, and prospective study with minimal risk was conducted. A total of 51 workers from a tertiary-care hospital were assessed and classified into two types of work: dynamic and static. Each participant completed three phases: 1) a digital survey, including the Kuorinka Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire; 2) anthropometric measurements; and 3) workplace geometric assessment using Kinovea software, version 0.9.5. Statistical analysis was performed using bivariate correlation with IBM SPSS Statistics version 29.0.2.0.

Results

No statistically significant association (p ≥ 0.05) was demonstrated between anthropometric–workplace geometric compatibility and the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms. The dynamic-work group showed a significantly higher prevalence of symptoms in the lower back (73.1% vs. 44.0%; p = 0.03) and knees (69.2% vs. 20.0%; p < 0.001) compared with the static-work group (Table 1 and Figure 1).

Discussion and Conclusions

There was a high frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms among healthcare personnel, particularly in the lumbar region, neck, and knees, which was closely associated with the type of dynamic work. However, anthropometric–workplace geometric incompatibility was not statistically associated with the presence of symptoms in this study sample.

References

Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social. (2018, November 23). Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-036-1-STPS-2018, Factores de riesgo ergonómico en el trabajo: Identificación, análisis, prevención y control. Parte 1: Manejo manual de cargas. Diario Oficial de la Federación. https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5544579&fecha=23/11/2018#gsc.tab=0

Villar Fernández, M. (2011). Procedimiento para la evaluación de los riesgos ergonómicos. Instituto Nacional de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo. https://www.insst.es/documents/94886/509319/Procedimiento+para+laevaluación+de+los+riesgos+ergonómicos.pdf/02b46c6b-7aa9-4fea-a6fd-fbfb7253a8e8

Instituto Nacional de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo. (2006). Evaluación de riesgos ergonómicos en PYMEs. https://www.insst.es/documents/94886/96076/evaluacionriesgospyme.pdf

González Muñoz, E. L. (2021). Estudio de validez y confiabilidad del cuestionario nórdico estandarizado para detección de síntomas musculoesqueléticos en población mexicana. Ergonomía, Investigación y Desarrollo, 3(1), 8–17. https://revistas.udec.cl/index.php/Ergonomia_Investigacion/article/view/4339/4227

López Alvarado, C. (2025). Salud musculoesquelética en médicos con actividad administrativa de un hospital en México 2025: Recomendaciones ergonómicas [Postgraduate thesis, National Autonomous University of Mexico].

Declaration of Conflict of Interest

The authors of this article declare that they had no conflicts of interest during the preparation or publication of this document.

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Author Biographies

  • Gladys Martínez Santiago, Faculty of Medicine

    Dr. Gladys Martínez Santiago is a physician specializing in Occupational Medicine, with an academic and professional career focused on occupational health, environmental health, and occupational medicine among workers in the oil industry. Her academic activities are registered with the Faculty of Medicine of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM).

  • Irene

    Dr. Irene Mújica Morales is a physician and specialist in Occupational Medicine, with more than three decades of experience in the fields of occupational health and ergonomics. She holds a Master’s degree in Health Sciences, with an emphasis on Occupational Health, from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), obtained in 2000, and is certified by the Mexican National Board of Occupational Medicine.

Published

2026-11-13

Issue

Section

Memoria - Resultados Originales

How to Cite

ANTHROPOMETRY AND GEOMETRIC ERGONOMICS AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS AT A HOSPITAL IN MEXICO, 2026. (2026). Revista Red De Investigación En Salud En El Trabajo, 9(S7), 20-23. https://rist.zaragoza.unam.mx/act/index.php/rist/article/view/90

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