Relationship between ergonomic risk factors and musculoskeletal disorders in operational personnel: systematic review / Relación entre factores de riesgo ergonómicos y trastornos musculoesqueléticos en el personal operativo: revisión sistemática
Resumen
Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in occupational health have an economic impact. One of their origins is ergonomic factors such as excessive effort, handling loads, repetitive movements, and forced postures. The Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) documents a significant increase in cases of musculoskeletal morbidity as occupational risks between 2011 and 2015.
Objective: The objective of the research is to review studies on ergonomic risk in operational workers that lead to musculoskeletal disorders and how these were evaluated.
Method: The articles were selected under specific criteria: published in journals with ISSN, as primary sources between 2019 and 2023, addressing studies in the operational population. Systematic reviews, theses, and those without complete references or older than 5 years were excluded. Databases such as Scopus, Taylor and Francis, Springer, SciELO, Google Scholar, and EBSCO were consulted.
Results: Thirty articles were identified that analyze the relationship between ergonomic risks and musculoskeletal disorders. Some of them suggest the need for new approaches, such as the use of technology, robotic devices to reduce effort, and consideration of gender perspective. Conclusions: musculoskeletal disorders should be investigated with innovative approaches such as technological advances and consideration of gender-related aspects.
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